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PhD Thesis Writing Process: A Systematic Approach — How to Write Your Literature Review

Literature writing is a skill that every PhD candidate must procure to communicate his or her research findings clearly. The main objective of this paper is to facilitate the literature writing process so that PhD candidates understand what PhD literature is and are able to write their PhD literature correctly and scientifically. The methodology used in this research is a descriptive method as it deliberates and defines the various parts of literature writing process and elucidates the how to do of it in a very unpretentious and understanding language. As thus, this paper summarizes the various steps of literature writing to pilot the PhD students so that the task of PhD literature writing process becomes adaptable and less discouraging. This research is a useful roadmap especially for students of the social science studies. Additionally, in this paper, literature writing techniques, procedures and important strategies are enlightened in a simple manner. This paper adopts a how-to approach when discussing a variety of relevant topics, such as literature review introduction, types of literature review, advantages of literature reviews, objective of literature review, literature review template, and important check lists about literature review are discussed.

This paper has 5 parts, such as

Introduction,

Literature Review,

Methodology,

Results and Conclusion.

The literature review chapter is discussed in this paper.

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How to write a good PhD thesis and survive the viva

The paper gives advice on how to write a good PhD thesis in a Computing subject in the UK — assuming that one has done interesting, novel academic work and “just” needs to write up. The context of this document relates to my experience, opinion and practice in various roles as supervisor, examiner or examination panel chair in more than two dozens of PhD examinations. What I have expressed here is likely to be relevant to my own PhD students or those whose PhD thesis I examine within the British system. Many aspects of this paper are universally true for a number of subjects and countries while some are more specific to Computing and the UK.

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how to write a PhD thesis

This guide to thesis writing gives some simple and practical advice on the problems of getting started, getting organized, dividing the huge task into less formidable pieces and working on those pieces. It also explains the practicalities of surviving the ordeal. It includes a suggested structure and a guide to what should go in each section. It was originally written for graduate students in physics, and most of the specific examples given are taken from that discipline. Nevertheless, the feedback from users indicates that it has been consulted and appreciated by graduate students in diverse fields in the sciences and humanities.

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Motivational Modulation of On-Line Attention Control Processes

Catherine Poulsen, Ph.D.
Concordia University, 2000

This thesis brings together two broad subdisciplines of psychology --
cognition and motivation -- in order to explore how motivational processes
interact on-line with cognitive mechanisms in directing human behaviour and
performance. A series of five experiments were conducted in which the Rogers
and MonseU(1995) task switching paradigm was combined with motivational
manipulations involving earned point incentives (Derryberry, 1993) to
investigate the effects of prior and current motivation on task execution,
attention switching, and inhibition. Using a leftlright button press, participants
alternated every second trial between vowel/consonant (letter task) and
evedodd (digit task) judgments in response to target-foil stimulus pairs (e-g.,
A3, G#, ?6) presented on a computer monitor. Participants responded to the
letter or ciigit target while inhibiting the competing (letter or digit) or neutral
(spbo!) foil. Task motivation was =lar+xdatec! by assigri~g p2rrfucipmts
equal or differential incentives for letter and digit task performance during an
initial training phase or during the switch task itself. Motivational incentives
were found to have a large and selective influence on attention switching,
evidenced by faster switching to the high-valued than low-valued task, but had
no effect on either simple task execution processes or the inhibition of task-set
cuing by a competing foil. In addition, prior motivational experience with
differential task incentives during training had a greater and more reliable
impact on attention switching than did current differential incentives applied
during the switch task itself. These results reveal that motivation does not
simply have a global facilitating influence on performance, but rather operates
through highly specific mechanisms to bias goal-directed behaviour. Results
are interpreted in terms of the apparent differential sensitivity to motivational
input exhibited by attention control mechanisms versus automatic, stimulustriggered processes. A finther distinction is made between implicit
motivational modulation of executive control mechanisms versus the
engagement of an optional, incentive-based performance strategy. Also
discussed are speculations regarding underlying neural mechanisms mediating
these motivational influences on attention and the potential implications of
these results for skill development and performance.